$Id: INTERFACE,v 1.5 1996/11/06 17:40:47 keil Exp $ Description of the Interface between Linklevel and Hardwarelevel of isdn4linux: The Communication between Linklevel (LL) and Hardwarelevel (HL) is based on the struct isdn_if (defined in isdnif.h). An HL-driver can register itself at LL by calling the function register_isdn() with a pointer to that struct. Prior to that, it has to preset some of the fields of isdn_if. The LL sets the rest of the fields. All further communication is done via callbacks using the function-pointers defined in isdn_if. Changes/Version numbering: During development of the ISDN subsystem, several changes have been made to the interface. Before it went into kernel, the package had a unique version number. The last version, distributed separately was 0.7.4. When the subsystem went into kernel, every functional unit got a separate version number. These numbers are shown at initialization, separated by slashes: c.c/t.t/n.n/p.p/a.a where c.c is the revision of the common code. t.t is the revision of the tty related code. n.n is the revision of the network related code. p.p is the revision of the ppp related code. a.a is the revision of the audio related code. Changes in this document are marked with '***CHANGEx' where x representing the version number. If that number starts with 0, it refers to the old, separately distributed package. If it starts with one of the letters above, it refers to the revision of the corresponding module. 1. Description of the fields of isdn_if: int channels; This field has to be set by the HL-driver to the number of channels supported prior to calling register_isdn(). Upon return of the call, the LL puts an id there, which has to be used by the HL-driver when invoking the other callbacks. int maxbufsize; ***CHANGE0.6: New since this version. Also to be preset by the HL-driver. With this value the HL-driver tells to the LL the maximum size of a data-packet it will accept. unsigned long features; To be preset by the HL-driver. Using this field, the HL-driver announces the features supported. At the moment this is limited to report the supported layer2 and layer3-protocols. For setting this field the constants ISDN_FEATURE..., declared in isdnif.h have to be used. ***CHANGE0.7.1: The line type (1TR6, EDSS1) has to be set. unsigned short hl_hdrlen; ***CHANGED.7.4: New field. To be preset by the HL-driver, if it supports sk_buff's. The driver should put here the amount of additional space needed in sk-buff's for its internal purposes. Drivers not supporting sk_buff's should put initialize this field to 0. void (*rcvcallb)(int, int, u_char*, int); ***CHANGEc1.14: Declared obsolete. Do NOT use this field/function anymore, since it will be removed when all current LL drivers have been changed accordingly. Use rcvcallb_skb instead. This field will be set by LL. The HL-driver delivers received data- packets by calling this function. Parameter: int driver-Id int Channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) u_char Pointer to received data. (in kernel-space) int length of data-packet. void (*rcvcallb_skb)(int, int, struct sk_buff *) ***CHANGED.7.4: New field. This field will be set by LL. The HL-driver delivers received data- packets by calling this function. Upon calling, the HL-driver must already have its private data pulled off the head of the sk_buff. Parameter: int driver-Id int Channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) struct sk_buff * Pointer to sk_buff, containing received data. int (*statcallb)(isdn_ctrl*); This field will be set by LL. This function has to be called by the HL-driver for signaling status-changes or other events to the LL. Parameter: isdn_ctrl* The struct isdn_ctrl also defined in isdn_if. The exact meanings of its fields are described together with the descriptions of the possible events. Here is only a short description of the fields: driver = driver Id. command = event-type. (one of the constants ISDN_STAT_...) arg = depends on event-type. num = depends on event-type. Returnvalue: 0 on success, else -1 int (*command)(isdn_ctrl*); This field has to be preset by the HL-driver. It points to a function, to be called by LL to perform functions like dialing, B-channel setup, etc. The exact meaning of the parameters is described with the descriptions of the possible commands. Parameter: isdn_ctrl* driver = driver-Id command = command to perform. (one of the constants ISDN_CMD_...) arg = depends on command. num = depends on command. Returnvalue: >=0 on success, else error-code (-ENODEV etc.) int (*writebuf)(int, int, u_char*, int, int); ***CHANGEc1.14: Declared obsolete. Do NOT use this field/function anymore, since it will be removed when all current LL drivers have been changed accordingly. Set this field to NULL and use writebuf_skb instead. This field has to be preset by the HL-driver. The given function will be called by the LL for delivering data to be send via B-Channel. Parameter: int driver-Id ***CHANGE.7.4: New parameter. int channel-number locally to the HL-driver. (starts with 0) u_char* pointer to data. int length of data-packet. int flag: 0 = call from within kernel-space. (HL-driver must use memcpy, may NOT use schedule()) 1 = call from user-space. (HL-driver must use memcpy_fromfs, use of schedule() allowed) Returnvalue: Length of data accepted on success, else error-code (-EINVAL on oversized packets etc.) int (*writebuf_skb)(int, int, struct sk_buff *) ***CHANGED.7.4: New field. This field has to be preset by the HL-driver. The given function will be called by the LL for delivering data to be send via B-Channel. Parameter: int driver-Id ***CHANGE.7.4: New parameter. int channel-number locally to the HL-driver. (starts with 0) struct sk_buff * Pointer to sk_buff containing data to be send via B-channel. Returnvalue: Length of data accepted on success, else error-code (-EINVAL on oversized packets etc.) int (*writecmd)(u_char*, int, int, int, int); This field has to be preset by the HL-driver. The given function will be called to perform write-requests on /dev/isdnctrl (i.e. sending commands to the card) The data-format is hardware-specific. This function is intended for debugging only. It is not necessary for normal operation and never will be called by the tty-emulation- or network-code. If this function is not supported, the driver has to set NULL here. Parameter: u_char* pointer to data. int length of data. int flag: 0 = call from within kernel-space. (HL-driver must use memcpy, may NOT use schedule()) 1 = call from user-space. (HL-driver must use memcpy_fromfs, use of schedule() allowed) int driver-Id. int channel-number locally to the HL-driver. (starts with 0) ***CHANGEc1.14: The driver-Id and channel-number are new since this revision. Returnvalue: Length of data accepted on success, else error-code (-EINVAL etc.) int (*readstat)(u_char*, int, int, int, int); This field has to be preset by the HL-driver. The given function will be called to perform read-requests on /dev/isdnctrl (i.e. reading replies from the card) The data-format is hardware-specific. This function is intended for debugging only. It is not necessary for normal operation and never will be called by the tty-emulation- or network-code. If this function is not supported, the driver has to set NULL here. Parameter: u_char* pointer to data. int length of data. int flag: 0 = call from within kernel-space. (HL-driver must use memcpy, may NOT use schedule()) 1 = call from user-space. (HL-driver must use memcpy_fromfs, use of schedule() allowed) int driver-Id. int channel-number locally to the HL-driver. (starts with 0) ***CHANGEc1.14: The driver-Id and channel-number are new since this revision. Returnvalue: Length of data on success, else error-code (-EINVAL etc.) char id[20]; ***CHANGE0.7: New since this version. This string has to be preset by the HL-driver. Its purpose is for identification of the driver by the user. Eg.: it is shown in the status-info of /dev/isdninfo. Furthermore it is used as Id for binding net-interfaces to a specific channel. If a string of length zero is given, upon return, isdn4linux will replace it by a generic name. (line0, line1 etc.) It is recommended to make this string configurable during module-load-time. (copy a global variable to this string.) For doing that, modules 1.2.8 or newer are necessary. 2. Description of the commands, a HL-driver has to support: All commands will be performed by calling the function command() described above from within the LL. The field command of the struct-parameter will contain the desired command, the field driver always is set to the appropriate driver-Id. Until now, the following commands are defined: ISDN_CMD_IOCTL: This command is intended for performing ioctl-calls for configuring hardware or similar purposes (setting port-addresses, loading firmware etc.) For this purpose, in the LL all ioctl-calls with an argument >= IIOCDRVCTL (0x100) will be handed transparently to this function after subtracting 0x100 and placing the result in arg. Example: If a userlevel-program calls ioctl(0x101,...) the function gets called with the field command set to 1. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_IOCTL arg = Original ioctl-cmd - IIOCDRVCTL num = first bytes filled with (unsigned long)arg Returnvalue: Depending on driver. ISDN_CMD_DIAL: This command is used to tell the HL-driver it should dial a given number. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_DIAL arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = An ASCII-String containing the number to dial, the own EAZ or MSN, the Service-Indicator and the Additional Info. Format: "%s,%s,%d,%d" RemotePhoneNumber,EazOrMsn,SI,AI If the Line has been designed as SPV (a special german feature, meaning semi-leased-line) the number has to start with an "S". ***CHANGE0.6: In previous versions the EAZ has been given in the highbyte of arg. ***CHANGE0.7.1: New since this version: ServiceIndicator and AddInfo. ISDN_CMD_ACCEPTD: With this command, the HL-driver is told to accept a D-Channel-setup. (Response to an incoming call) Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_ACCEPTD arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = unused. ISDN_CMD_ACCEPTB: With this command, the HL-driver is told to perform a B-Channel-setup. (after establishing D-Channel-Connection) Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_ACCEPTB arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = unused. ISDN_CMD_HANGUP: With this command, the HL-driver is told to hangup (B-Channel if established first, then D-Channel). This command is also used for actively rejecting an incoming call. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_HANGUP arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = unused. ISDN_CMD_CLREAZ: With this command, the HL-driver is told not to signal incoming calls to the LL. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_CLREAZ arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = unused. ISDN_CMD_SETEAZ: With this command, the HL-driver is told to signal incoming calls for the given EAZs/MSNs to the LL. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_SETEAZ arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = ASCII-String, containing the desired EAZ's/MSN's (comma-separated). If an empty String is given, the HL-driver should respond to ALL incoming calls, regardless of the destination-address. ***CHANGE0.6: New since this version the "empty-string"-feature. ISDN_CMD_GETEAZ: (currently unused) With this command, the HL-driver is told to report the current setting given with ISDN_CMD_SETEAZ. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_GETEAZ arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = ASCII-String, containing the current EAZ's/MSN's ISDN_CMD_SETSIL: (currently unused) With this command, the HL-driver is told to signal only incoming calls with the given Service-Indicators. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_SETSIL arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = ASCII-String, containing the desired Service-Indicators. ISDN_CMD_GETSIL: (currently unused) With this command, the HL-driver is told to return the current Service-Indicators it will respond to. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_SETSIL arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = ASCII-String, containing the current Service-Indicators. ISDN_CMD_SETL2: With this command, the HL-driver is told to select the given Layer-2- protocol. This command is issued by the LL prior to ISDN_CMD_DIAL or ISDN_CMD_ACCEPTD. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_SETL2 arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) logical or'ed with (protocol-Id << 8) protocol-Id is one of the constants ISDN_PROTO_L2... num = unused. ISDN_CMD_GETL2: (currently unused) With this command, the HL-driver is told to return the current setting of the Layer-2-protocol. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_GETL2 arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = unused. Returnvalue: current protocol-Id (one of the constants ISDN_L2_PROTO) ISDN_CMD_SETL3: With this command, the HL-driver is told to select the given Layer-3- protocol. This command is issued by the LL prior to ISDN_CMD_DIAL or ISDN_CMD_ACCEPTD. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_SETL3 arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) logical or'ed with (protocol-Id << 8) protocol-Id is one of the constants ISDN_PROTO_L3... num = unused. ISDN_CMD_GETL2: (currently unused) With this command, the HL-driver is told to return the current setting of the Layer-3-protocol. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_GETL3 arg = channel-number locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = unused. Returnvalue: current protocol-Id (one of the constants ISDN_L3_PROTO) ISDN_CMD_LOCK: With this command the HL-driver is told, that it will be used by the LL and therefore may not be unloaded. The HL-driver should use MOD_INC_USE_COUNT to tell that to the kernel. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_LOCK arg = unused. num = unused. ISDN_CMD_UNLOCK: With this command the HL-driver is told, that it is no more used by the LL and therefore may be unloaded. The HL-driver should use DEC_INC_USE_COUNT to tell that to the kernel. Parameter: driver = driver-Id. command = ISDN_CMD_UNLOCK arg = unused. num = unused. 3. Description of the events to be signaled by the HL-driver to th LL. All status-changes are signaled via calling the previously described function statcallb(). The field command of the struct isdn_cmd has to be set by the HL-driver with the appropriate Status-Id (event-number). The field arg has to be set to the channel-number (locally to the driver, starting with 0) to which this event applies. (Exception: STAVAIL-event) Until now, the following Status-Ids are defined: ISDN_STAT_AVAIL: With this call, the HL-driver signals the availability of new data for readstat(). Used only for debugging-purposes, see description of readstat(). Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_STAVAIL arg = length of available data. num = unused. ISDN_STAT_ICALL: With this call, the HL-driver signals an incoming call to the LL. Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_ICALL arg = channel-number, locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = ASCII-String in the following format: "%s,%d,%d,%s",CallerNumber,ServiceIndicator,AddInfo, CalledNumber. Return: 0 = No device matching this call. 1 = At least one device matching this call (RING on ttyI). HL-driver may send ALERTING on the D-channel in this case. 2 = Call will be rejected. -1 = An error happened. (Invalid parameters for example.) ISDN_STAT_RUN: With this call, the HL-driver signals availability of the ISDN-card. (after initializing, loading firmware) Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_RUN arg = unused. num = unused. ISDN_STAT_STOP: With this call, the HL-driver signals unavailability of the ISDN-card. (before unloading, while resetting/reconfiguring the card) Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_STOP arg = unused. num = unused. ISDN_STAT_DCONN: With this call, the HL-driver signals the successful establishment of a D-Channel-connection. (Response to ISDN_CMD_ACCEPTD or ISDN_CMD_DIAL) Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_DCONN arg = channel-number, locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = unused. ISDN_STAT_BCONN: With this call, the HL-driver signals the successful establishment of a B-Channel-connection. (Response to ISDN_CMD_ACCEPTB or because the remote-station has initiated establishment) Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_BCONN arg = channel-number, locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = unused. ISDN_STAT_DHUP: With this call, the HL-driver signals the shutdown of a D-Channel-connection. This could be a response to a prior ISDN_CMD_HANGUP, or caused by a remote-hangup or if the remote-station has actively rejected a call. Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_DHUP arg = channel-number, locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = unused. ISDN_STAT_BHUP: With this call, the HL-driver signals the shutdown of a B-Channel-connection. This could be a response to a prior ISDN_CMD_HANGUP, or caused by a remote-hangup. Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_BHUP arg = channel-number, locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = unused. ISDN_STAT_CINF: With this call, the HL-driver delivers charge-unit information to the LL. Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_CINF arg = channel-number, locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = ASCII string containing charge-units (digits only). ISDN_STAT_LOAD: (currently unused) ISDN_STAT_UNLOAD: With this call, the HL-driver signals that it will be unloaded now. This tells the LL to release all corresponding data-structures. Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_UNLOAD arg = unused. num = unused. ISDN_STAT_BSENT: With this call the HL-driver signals the delivery of a data-packet. This callback is used by the network-interfaces only, tty-Emulation does not need this call. Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_BSENT arg = channel-number, locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = unused. ISDN_STAT_NODCH: With this call, the driver has to respond to a prior ISDN_CMD_DIAL, if no D-Channel is available. Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_NODCH arg = channel-number, locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = unused. ISDN_STAT_ADDCH: (currently unused) This call is planned for HL-drivers, which are unable to check card-type or numbers of supported channels before they have loaded any firmware using ioctl. Those HL-driver simply set the channel-parameter to zero or a minimum channel-number when registering, and later if they know the real amount, perform this call, allocating additional channels. Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_ADDCH arg = to be defined. num = to be defined. ISDN_STAT_CAUSE: With this call, the HL-driver delivers CAUSE-messages to the LL. Currently the LL does not use this messages. Their contents is simply logged via kernel-messages. Therefore, currently the format of the messages is currently completely free. However they should be printable. Parameter: driver = driver-Id command = ISDN_STAT_NODCH arg = channel-number, locally to the driver. (starting with 0) num = ASCII string containing CAUSE-message.